| Full protein name | Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins A2/B1 |
| Gene name | HNRNPA2B1;HNRPA2B1 |
| Species | Homo sapiens |
| Localization | Nucleus, nucleoplasm; Cytoplasmic granule; Secreted, exosome. |
| Description | hnRNPA2 is best known for its physiological role in mRNA transport. It contains two folded RNA recognition motif (RRM) domains and a C-terminal ~150-residue LC domain. hnRNPA2 specifically binds and transports mRNA containing an A2 recognition element (A2RE), requiring both RRM domains, but not its LC domain, to bind in vitro with maximal affinity. Instead, the LC domain mediates protein-protein interactions in both nuclear and cytoplasmic granules. In the cytoplasm, phosphorylation of hnRNPA2 by Fyn kinase is essential for the release of myelin basic protein mRNA from transport granules at local translation sites in oligodendrocytes and neurons. Furthermore, hnRNPA2 localizes to stress granules, while D290V increases hnRNPA2 stress granule recruitment and causes the accumulation of TDP-43-positive inclusions in Drosophila muscle, mimicking patient muscle inclusions. In the nucleus, D290V hnRNPA2 alters alternative splicing of several genes, including ALS-associated gene DAO, in a manner consistent with a gain-of-function mechanism. |
| GO term | GO:0098505; G-rich strand telomeric DNA binding; ISS:BHF-UCL. GO:0042802; identical protein binding; IPI:IntAct. GO:0035198; miRNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB. GO:0003730; mRNA 3'-UTR binding; IDA:UniProtKB. GO:1990247; N6-methyladenosine-containing RNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB. GO:0003723; RNA binding; IDA:HGNC-UCL. GO:0043047; single-stranded telomeric DNA binding; IDA:HGNC-UCL. |
| Full sequence length | 353 |
| Database linked | MobiDB :P22626 DisProt :DP01109 OMIM :600124 |
| IDR Region | 1 353 |
| LCR Region | 1 353 |